Operating system : Definition, Functions, and Types
Operating system : Definition, Functions, and Types
Operating system or operating system is the most important software that runs on a computer. This software will manage memory and process all communication between hardware (perangkat keras) and software (perangkat lunak).
Without an operating system, the computer will not work properly. Apart from computers, the operating system is also available on smartphones.
The operating system has various specific functions. This includes the process of turning on the computer or commonly called booting.
Then, set the app or program to be placed in an existing space on the device.
Operating System Functions
In addition to the two functions above, the operating system has other specific functions. Quoted from Western Governors University, the following are the functions of the operating system:
- Load, execute, and run a program.
- Maintain data security from cyber attacks. A good operating system has features to keep data and programs safe.
- Organize disks (storage media). This includes managing all the drives installed in the computer, such as hard drives, optical disk drives, and flash drives.
- Manage running processes. Operating systems are designed to allocate resources and manage various computer processes. For example, sharing information, protecting computer processes, and synchronizing computer processes.
- Control the device. The operating system will open or block access to devices, such as CD/DVD and USB. If the device is detected to have a problem such as a virus, the operating system will block the device and provide a notification of the problem.
- Control the printing process. The operating system will control the printer that is connected to the computer and set what material should be printed.
- Displays the interface or what is commonly called the user interface (UI). The user interface is the part of the operating system that allows the user to enter and receive information. Then, including the menus, windows, and the method of interaction between users used.
Most Popular Operating System
There are five main types of operating systems. The five types of OS have been run on various mobile devices, computers, laptops, tablets, or tablets.
1. Microsoft Windows
The Windows Operating system has been around since the 1980s, then has had several versions and updates.
Microsoft Windows is one of the most popular types of operating system and is preloaded on most of the newest types of computers and laptops.
Every update Microsoft continuously strives to improve the user interface, software, and make Windows easier to access and use.
Microsoft Windows contains a control panel, desktop and desktop assistant, disk cleanup, event viewer, and many others.
Many users prefer Microsoft Windows, because it is compatible with other types of software.
2. Apple macOS
Microsoft's operating system competitor is Apple's macOS. Both of these OS are examples of proprietary operating systems. That is, companies conceptualize, design, develop, and sell their own OS.
macOS products are also known by their users for their ease of use. Then, continue to improve the user experience.
Fast processing speed, simple desktop interface, and various useful resources make macOS users feel at home with this operating system.
3. Android
Android OS is the primary OS for Google's mobile devices like, smartphones and tablets.
Android has gained high popularity since its release as Apple's iOS alternative for smartphone users. Now the Android operating system is increasingly known for its updates and interesting features.
4. Apple iOS
Apple iOS is a mobile operating system used exclusively for the iPhone.
The iOS operating system has regular updates, new expansions to the software, and offers new features to its users.
This operating system also allows other Apple devices to connect and gives users an easy connection to other devices or people.
5. Linux
The Linux operating system differs from Windows and Apple, in that it is not proprietary software.
The Linux operating system is an open system and anyone can modify and distribute it.